A fair number of people say the same thing, usually at the end of a first conversation and slightly apologetically: I don’t do group classes, they don’t suit me. Underneath it is almost always the same thing - not physical difficulty, but how much social work the activity demands.
Aerobics with encouragement, team sport with changing-room conversation, a course that opens with a round of introductions. For some people all of that is tiring in a way that has nothing to do with movement.
A martial art is an unusual exception here.
Why the class does not require conversation
The structure of the hour simply does not provide for it.
It opens with a bow and a line-up - a formal start without words. Nobody introduces themselves, nobody asks how you are. Then the warm-up, led by the teacher, then technique, which you do in your own space even though everyone is in the same room.
Mostly one person speaks and that is the teacher. Everyone else listens and works. Conversation between students is short, practical and tied to what is being done.
The class ends as it began - with a bow. Nobody expects you to stay.
This is not coldness and it is not a rule. It is a shape inherited from a tradition where little was said in the hall, and it has a side benefit nobody designed.

How this differs from training alone
Importantly, this is not solitary training. There are people in the room, exercises are done together, the rhythm is shared.
The difference is that the contact is indirect. You do the same thing as fifteen others, at the same time, at the same tempo - and that is the form of company that generally suits an introvert. Presence without a demand for exchange.
After a few months something else emerges. You know the people in the group without ever having had a conversation you dreaded. The community forms out of having stood beside the same people for hundreds of hours, not out of introducing yourself.
What about partner work
This is the most common reservation and worth addressing directly, because it is real.
Partner work exists and cannot be avoided. But it is structured: nothing has to be negotiated, there is no picking of partners in front of everyone, and the content is set. You know what you are doing and what they are doing. The in-between conversation, which is the tiring part in other activities, is essentially absent.
For many people this is the first place where physical contact with a stranger is something that requires no explanation.

What a first class is like if you dislike attention
You arrive, leave your shoes outside the hall, and tell the teacher it is your first time. That is the entire social component.
Nobody will introduce you to the group and nobody will ask you to say why you came. You stand in the back row and do what the others do. You will get corrections, but quietly and at your side, not in front of everyone.
If it was fine, you come again. If not, you do not. Nobody will call.
Why small groups matter here
There are at most fifteen people in the hall at a time. For an introvert that is better than a group of forty, for a reason that runs opposite to expectation.
In a large group you are invisible until you are singled out, and then you are properly singled out. In a small one the teacher knows you from the first class, corrections are continuous and quiet, and there is never a moment where someone puts you in front of everyone because they had forgotten you were there.
That is why we do not grow the groups, even when we could.

